Wednesday, March 06, 2024

Media Disaster: C-Span & The Death Penalty Information Center

originally sent 3/5/2024, 
edits/updates sent 3/23/2024, 7/22/2024, 12/19/2024

Media Disaster: What a Mess
C-Span & The Death Penalty Information Center

as of 12/13/2024, 9 months, MAJOR feedback from C-Span, at bottom

To: 9 (now 14) at C-Span and 7 at The Death Penalty Information Center (DPIC).
All professors, School of Media & Public Affairs, George Washington U
All at The GW Hatchett, GWU's student newspaper
bcc: 7 pro-death penalty experts, as listed, below.
 
Subject: What a mess - C-Span & The Death Penalty Information Center
 
RE: Robin Maher, executive director, the Death Penalty Information Center, on the Death Penalty in the U.S., PART OF WASHINGTON JOURNAL, 02/03/2024, Hosted by C-Span's Mimi Geerges

nearly identical mess 12/13/2024, at bottom
 
From: Dudley Sharp, a repeat guest on C-Span, independent researcher, death penalty expert, former opponent, 832-439-2113, CV at bottom
 
NOTE: Look back at my previous C-Span appearances. I use the terms fraud and deception often, with regard to anti-death penalty claims. If I didn't present you the evidence, then, which I would, normally, do, I do so, now. If you find anything lacking, contact me and I will fill that gap.
 
Preface

Added 12/2024 - I suspect, the main problem, for C-Span, is that their Leadership  Leadership | C-SPAN.org is filled with editors/owners whose papers have been repeating these anti-death penalty falsehoods and/or lack of balance, for decades, meaning they will have to admit their collusion or irresponsibility, then correct it, or continue doing the same thing.  

So far, it is the later, unless you folks have an announcement? 

And C-Span does, their Washington Journal, December 13, 2024, Robin Maher on the Death Penalty in the U.S. (at bottom), virtually, duplicates the referenced, with no balance and the anti-death penalty nonsense, as intended.
 
For purposes of clarity, I believe that Ms. Maher, along with all prior DPIC executive directors and many, most or all of the current and former board members, is a death penalty expert, which, in the context of the referenced, means that Maher either knows everything I do, below, and/or, she is, somehow, ignorant of most or all of the specific topics she spoke to.
 
It may be difficult, for Maher and DPIC, to reconcile those two.
======
 
1) The first, glaring problem appears, here:
 
Mimi Geerges "DO YOU (Maher, DPIC) TAKE A POSITION IN FAVOR OR AGAINST?"
 
Robin Maher: "WE DO NOT. WE ARE NOT AN ABOLITIONIST ORGANIZATION. WE ARE NOT PRO-DEATH PENALTY OR ANTI-DEATH PENALTY. WE THINK IT IS IMPORTANT FOR PEOPLE TO UNDERSTAND WHAT DEATH PENALTY IS AND HOW IT IS USED. WE ARE CRITICAL WITH PROBLEMS OF ITS APPLICATION WHEN WE FIND THEM."
 
Sharp: You will note that Maher did not say, " WE ARE, ALSO, APPRECIATIVE WITH THE SUCCESSES OF ITS APPLICATION WHEN WE FIND THEM." 

There is a very good, anti-death penalty reason for that: There can be no successes with the death penalty nor executions, if anti-death penalty, which DPIC, clearly, identifies with, in all their 16 appearances on C-Span.
 
It was astounding that C-Span had to ask.
 
I was not surprised by Maher's response, which is complete, utter nonsense. as repeated for decades. 

Evidence:
 
a) 14 out of 14 of the directors on the DPIC board are anti-death penalty.
b) Most and, possibly, every anti-death penalty organization lists DPIC as a reference or source.
c) Speak to any pro-death penalty expert. They will tell you DPIC is anti-death penalty/abolitionists. DPIC is used as a source, primarily, within ignorance or deception, for other anti-death penalty groups. I list 7 pro-death penalty experts, below, inclusive (1). Speak to all, contacts included.
d)  In DPIC's "Capital Punishment in Context", their college curriculum section, they have the case of Gary Graham, which, in the closing section, they state " The case of Gary Graham highlights issues that are prevalent in many other capital cases. Instances of inadequate representation, racial disparities, and wrongful conviction have arisen often in death penalty cases" (2)
 
In fact, the case did nothing of the sort, as detailed (2a), but the DPIC deceptions did (2).

======

e) For DPIC's High School Curriculum, on their Teachers Editions, DPIC states "Funding for the project was provided by grants from the Soros Foundation and the Columbia Foundation." (https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/curriculum/teachers-edition)    
      1) Soros is, very, likely, the top financier of anti-death penalty efforts, worldwide (no fn needed).
     2)  "Madeleine Haas Russell, co-founder and president of the Columbia Foundation, said that the executions held in U.S. prisons are also brutal and must be stopped." "Russell and her brother, the late William Haas, founded the Columbia Foundation in 1940. It gives funds to a number of organizations, including those fighting the death penalty. Susan Clark, its executive director, said Russell "has been a long-term donor and supporter of the movement to abolish the death penalty, both personally and through the Columbia Foundation — whether it's speaking out to legislators or working with nonprofit advocacy organizations [such as] Amnesty International, Project to Abolish the Death Penalty or Death Penalty Focus of California.", the later presenting the award. (Jewish S.F. death-penalty foe wins award BY J. CORRESPONDENT | DECEMBER 19, 1997,  
f) Virtually, all of DPIC podcasts are anti-death penalty, with no balance 
g) Pro-death penalty scholar Robert Blecker rebutted or brought balance to Richard Dieter's anti-death penalty talking points, here: 
Dieter, Executive Director, DPIC, was on C-Span 9 times, for which any of the 7 pro-death penalty experts, would have brought balance or rebuttal to, nearly all of his anti-death penalty comments, as Blecker did, had C-Span given them that opportunity, just as they would have with any of the 16 C-Span appearances by DPIC.
h) could go on and on and on . . . (1,3).

======
C-Span Rewards Student's Factual Inaccuracies
======

DPIC looks like a duck, quacks like a duck, walks like a duck, claims to be an ostrich . . .  it's a duck.
 
It is as plain as day (1,3).  That should be enough, but . . . if not . . .
 
2) Go to DPIC's "Facts About the Death Penalty" page, here
 
a)  I and the other 6 pro-death penalty experts (1), either rebut and/or show balance to DPIC's anti-death penalty, non-balanced comments, as presented and intended, by DPIC, as has been the case, for decades.  
b) Method: I list the category, from that DPIC page, and then the footnote, for rebuttal or balance.
 
Race (4), Deterrence (5), Women (6), Costs (7), Polling (8)
 
I saved Innocence (9), for the last, because it is the worst, most pernicious and obvious anti-death penalty fraud, in the death penalty debate, 100% fueled by DPIC and carried by countless media, with no fact checking, nor vetting nor critical thinking.
 
By anyone, who fact checks, vets, uses critical thinking and cares about the truth, since 1998, there is no doubt, nor is there any doubt that DPIC is anti-death penalty.

======
Media Disaster: The Death Penalty
 
Some more:
 
Method: I, rarely, quote Maher, only, because it would take way too much space. I present rebuttal and/or balance, as called for, by Maher's exclusion of those.
 
10) Nitrogen Gas:  Maher's repeated examples of putting torture, lethal gas, nitrogen gas and cyanide gas, together, were all deceptions, as confirmed:
 
Nitrogen gas is not lethal, makes up 78% of the air we breathe, every day, Nitrogen hypoxia begins when the percentage of oxygen begins to drop, as the percentage of nitrogen increases. There is no suffocation effect, you just pass out and die, the origins of which are very well known: it is the result of nitrogen hypoxia, as detailed by 60 years of meticulous reports on nitrogen hypoxia deaths within  industrial accidents, suicides, as well as non-lethal experiments, until unconsciousness , 16-20 seconds (10,11), with the execution procedures basic and simple : a tank of nitrogen gas, a tube connecting the tank to the mask, using former lethal injection beds, with only added security for the head, to secure the mask, with the expectation, as realized with Alabama's execution of murderer Smith, of holding his breath and fighting his restraints, for about 2 minutes, exhaling and taking 1-2 breaths of nitrogen, prior to passing out, no breathing observed after 8 minutes, with death soon, thereafter, as confirmed by those 60 years of recorded deaths and experiments (10,11) (except, obviously, for the holding of breath and fighting restraints, within executions).
 
The Maher/DPIC treatment of nitrogen gas is, quite similar to DPIC's disinformation campaigns regarding lethal injections, as detailed here (11).
 
11) Pharmaceutical companies: Maher left out that it took about 30 years for pharmaceutical companies to voice concerns over their drugs being used in lethal injections, such concerns not voiced until anti-death penalty groups started to publicize those companies and the use of their drugs in executions (12). It was PR, only, not ethics. Obvious. (12, 13). Some medical groups and other rational people expressed that the pharmaceutical companies were sacrificing innocent patient safety, by withholding those drugs, while not stopping executions, which is, precisely what occurred, as detailed (13).
 
12)  Deterrence:  Nobel Prize Laureate (Economics) Gary Becker:

“the evidence of a variety of types — not simply the quantitative evidence — has been enough to convince me that capital punishment does deter and is worth using for the worst sorts of offenses.” (NY Times, 11/18/07)

"(Becker) is the most important social scientist in the past 50 years (NY Times, 5/5/14)

Since 1996, there has been, at least, 24 US based studies, finding for death penalty/execution deterrence, by different academics, independently, using different protocols, all with similar results, finding 1-28 murders deterred per execution (33-900/year) (5), with those studies more credible than their detractors, none of whom could negate deterrence, nor try to, as fully detailed (5).
 
Never have the deterrent effects of serious criminal sanctions, the potential of serious negative outcomes nor any serious negative incentives been negated, nor can they be, as known for millennia (5).
 
The death penalty/executions protect innocent lives, in four (updated to six) ways, better than does life without parole (LWOP): a) enhanced due process b) enhanced incapacitation and c) enhanced probability ( updated - in three ways), none of which are challenged and d) enhanced deterrence, which is challenged, but cannot be negated and prevails, as detailed (5).
 
13) Polling: Maher states the multitude of reasons that have caused a decline in death penalty polling support. And, she is correct . . .  big BUT . . .
 
As we all know, death penalty polling results, as all polls, are the product of a) the questions asked, b) the limited answers provided, c) the knowledge of the respondents which is supplied, d) nearly 100% by the media, which seem to get most of their material from DPIC, and other anti-death penalty groups, while avoiding pro-death penalty research and experts. Any doubts? Place "Media Disaster" in the search box, here (1). It is irrefutable.
 
Maher and DPIC avoided the 86% death penalty support, from 2013 and 2021, as well as many others, with 71-99% support, also, found here  (8).
 
14) I had to quote this:
 
Robin Maher: "YES, WE ARE AT NUMBER 190 (exonerated from death row)."THAT NUMBER IS A CONSERVATIVE NUMBER. WE DO NOT KNOW HOW MANY PEOPLE RIGHT SKEWED BEFORE WE DISCOVERED EVIDENCE OF THEIR INNOCENCE. OUR CRITERIA IS INCREDIBLY STRICT. WE ONLY INCLUDE PEOPLE WHO HAVE RECEIVED A COMPLETE PARDON, WHO HAVE BEEN ABSOLUTELY CLEARED OF ANY WRONGDOING IN CONNECTION WITH THE HOMICIDE THEY WERE CONVICTED OF COMMITTING AND SENTENCED TO DEATH ROW FOR THAT. IT IS PROBABLY A MUCH BIGGER NUMBER THAN THAT."
 
Sharp: As detailed, the 190 is closer to 45, a 76% fraud/error rate by DPIC (9).
 
President Nixon was a guilty person, pardoned. DPIC's criteria was to redefine both 'innocent" and "exonerated", as if to redefine lie as truth, and stuff a bunch of cases into those fraudulent definitions. (9), This is not in dispute, as detailed (9) and here:
 
DPIC tells us that to be called "exonerated", that "a person who has been convicted and sentenced to death must either a) receive a full pardon on grounds of innocence, or b) have his or her conviction overturned and then either c) be acquitted or have all charges d) dropped or e) dismissed." ( herein   https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/stories/welcome-to-dpics-new-website ).
 
b, c, d and e have no requirement to prove factual innocence, as determined by a government authority, given that power (9). Obviously, well known (9).  Even (a) fails to designate "factual" innocence. Why? Such allows an innocence claim, based within legality, which may or may not, also, include a finding of factual innocence. 

Based within fact checking and vetting, history tells us that we must thoroughly examine those pardons based upon those "grounds of (factual) innocence". Obvious, if truth matters, within journalism, or at all.
 
All too obvious? Yes, of course (9). DPIC's normal deception and/or misinformation.

======
The Death Penalty: A Repudiation of Journalism, by Journalists?
======
 
The Last Major Point

Everything, later in the C-Span program, has, already been addressed prior, except this:
 
15) For Maher, all of the suffering and torture, only, applied to the guilty murderers. Notice? Never, did Maher address the suffering and torture of those innocents raped, tortured and murdered nor those who love them. This is an anti-death penalty staple, which Maher followed and as confirmed:
 
30 Examples: How Death Penalty Abolitionists Value Murderers  
More Than Their Innocent Victims:
AKA - Full Rebuttal of Sir Richard Branson & His Death Penalty Comments 

SUMMARY

If added to those anti-death penalty stories were the rebuttal and balance, as shown, herein, death penalty support would go up, substantially, which is why media will not consider it, as my nearly 30 years experience with the media (CV) confirms and as C-Span is, likely, beginning to understand why C-Span has not seen this rebuttal and balance material, in the media. 

The rational conclusion: Media cares more about bringing an end to the death penalty than they do journalism ethics. 

Is there any doubt?

In Closing
 
If DPIC attempts to refute any of this, let's keep an open channel of discussion between C-Span, the 7 at DPIC folks and the 7 pro-death penalty experts, herein.

Crickets since 3/2024 until Dec 19, 2024
 
C-Span and DPIC, I am at your service, for any follow up questions, fact checking and vetting and would be happy to be a guest on C-Span, again, and/or debate Ms. Maher, anytime, on C-Span.
 
Is there, any, doubt that DPIC has been a lying and/or deceptive anti-death penalty group, for decades, through today? Concentrate on the "innocent"/"exonerated" issue. On C-Span, you will find that DPIC calls that issue the most important. And there is no doubt what DPIC has done with it.
 
Put on your fact checking, vetting and critical thinking hat and start here (1-13), then keep going, further and further.

IF THERE WAS ANY DOUBT, WE, NOW, HAVE NONE

RE: Washington Journal, December 13, 2024, Robin Maher on the Death Penalty in the U.S.

00:00:10 Mimi Geerges TELL US ABOUT THE DEATH PENALTY INFORMATION CENTER.
00:00:13 Robin Maher THANK YOU. WE ARE A NATIONAL NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION THAT PROVIDES INFORMATION, DATA AND ANALYSIS TO THE MEDIA, LAWMAKERS AND THE PUBLIC ABOUT HOW THE DEATH PENALTY IS USED IN THE UNITED STATES. WE ARE NOT AN ADVOCACY ORGANIZATION.  
00:00:29 Mimi Geerges DOES THAT MEAN YOU DID NOT TAKE A POSITION ON THE DEATH PENALTY?  
00:00:33 Robin Maher WE DON'T HAVE POLICY. WE ARE NOT SEEKING EVOLUTION. -- ABOLITOIN. IT'S IMPORTANT -- ABOLITION. IT'S IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THE DEATH PENALTY.

"ABOLITOIN. IT'S IMPORTANT -- ABOLITION. IT'S IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THE DEATH PENALTY" - She couldn't help it.

Yep, an ostrich, not a duck.

The entire show is a virtual duplicate of the anti-death penalty mess, with no balance, from the referenced show, as many prior to that and C-Span knows it.

Is there, any, possible doubt that Georges and C-Span are, intentionally, deceiving their viewers, with C-Span abandoning their mission?

C-Span?
 
======
600+ pro death penalty quotes from murder victim's families &
3300+ from some of the greatest thinkers in history
======
 
FN
 
Research, with sources, fact checking, vetting & critical thinking, as required of anyone within a public policy debate and which rebut all anti-death penalty claims.
 
1) Students, Academics & Journalists: Death Penalty Research
(7 pro-death penalty experts listed)
 
2) DPIC, The Gary Graham Case 
 
2A) HOLLYWOOD, MURDER AND TEXAS: DEATH ROW INMATE GARY GRAHAM and THE ANTI-DEATH PENALTY MOVEMENT:
A CASE STUDY OF LIES, HALF-TRUTHS AND INTIMIDATION
 
3) The Death Penalty: Justice & Saving More Innocents
 
4) RACE
 
a) White murderers are twice as likely to be executed as are black murderers .
b) From 1977-2012, white death row murderers have been executed at a rate 41% higher than are black death row murderers, 19.3% vs 13.7%, respectively.
c) "There is no race of the offender / victim effect at either the decision to advance a case to penalty hearing or the decision to sentence a defendant to death given a penalty hearing."
d) For the White–Black comparisons, the Black level is 12.7 times greater than the White level for homicide, 15.6 times greater for robbery, 6.7 times greater for rape, and 4.5 times greater for aggravated assault.    
 
As robbery/murder and rape/murder are, by far, the most common death penalty eligible murders, the multiples may  be even greater
 
Much more, here, with sources, for the above and more:
RACE & THE DEATH PENALTY: A REBUTTAL TO THE RACISM CLAIMS 
 
5) Deterrence
 
The Death Penalty: Saving More Innocent Lives
and
Deterrence, Death Penalties & Executions
 
6)  Women & Death Row
"The 53:1 ratio indicates that women may be on death row in greater numbers than we would expect or similar to what we would predict."
 
WOMEN & THE DEATH PENALTY: ARE WOMEN OVER REPRESENTED ON DEATH ROW?
 
7) Costs
 
Review California, Nevada, Nebraska, Texas and Maryland, first, the move on to the others.
 
Saving Costs with The Death Penalty
 
8)  Polling  
      a) August 16, 2021 86% Death Penalty Support, Depending Upon Crime Committed, New Evidence of Broad Support for Death Penalty | RealClearPolicy, Joseph M. Bessette & J. Andrew Sinclair, RealClearPolicy August 16, 2021 
 
These polls, above and below, reflect well known polls, for the last 15 years, showing much higher death penalty support than by the oft quoted, much less accurate Gallup, as even, Gallup shows (see Gallup's McVeigh poll (below) vs their standard poll, which deals, only, with all murders, not death penalty eligible ones.
 
     b)  Death Penalty Polling updated 3/2023
86% Death Penalty Support, Depending Upon Crime Committed
95-99% Support From Victim Survivors in Death Penalty Cases
 
    c) 86% Death Penalty Support: Highest Ever - April 2013
World Support Remains High
95% of Murder Victim's Family Members Support Death Penalty
thorough review of death penalty polling, within the footnotes
 
9) As detailed, US Supreme Court Justice Scalia accepted the study that showed a 0.5% factual innocence rate in cases once on death row, herein, which is 45 (9000 times 0.5), as detailed, with my assessment, from several reviews, using DPIC's 190 "exonerated", the credible numbers being between 32-55, an average of 44, as detailed, here:
 
The Death Row "Exonerated"/"Innocent" Frauds 
71-83% Error Rate in Death Row "Innocent" Claims,Well Known Since 1998
 
10)  Nitrogen
Nitrogen Gas; Flawless, proven, peaceful, unrestricted method of execution 
and
Nitrogen Induced Hypoxia as a Form of Capital Punishment, Michael P. Copeland, J.D. Thorn Parr, M.S. Christine Papas, J.D., Ph.D. East Central University , 6/08/2018,
Nitrogen Hypoxia as Capital Punishment - East Central University Draft Report - DocumentCloud or 
and
Media Disaster: Nitrogen Hypoxia & Scientific American
and
Media Disaster: Nitrogen Hypoxia: Is Dr. Zivot  an ignoramus, a liar, confused, or . . . ?'
 
11) Rebuttal: Botched Executions
and
Lethal Injection & Nitrogen Hypoxia: Controversies Resolved
 
12)  See the section, The Ethics Time Gap, herein
The Death Penalty & Medical Ethics Revisited
 
13) Ibid See "Do MORE Harm: The Anti-Death Penalty Solution"
 
======
600+ pro death penalty quotes from murder victims' families &
3300+ from some of the greatest thinkers in history
====== 
======
 
Research, with sources, fact checking, vetting & critical thinking, as required of anyone within a public policy debate and which rebut all anti-death penalty claims.
 
Most will realize that the media has been using only anti-death penalty claims and then, failed to fact check, vet, not use critical thinking, with that research, while avoiding all pro-death penalty research and experts, for decades. How do I know most will realize this? Because they wouldn't have seen any of this, prior:
 
The Death Penalty: Justice & Saving More Innocents
and
Students, Academics & Journalists: Death Penalty Research
(7 pro-death penalty experts listed)

Wednesday, January 17, 2024

Lethal Injection & Nitrogen Hypoxia: Controversies Resolved

Originally published May, 2005, updated through 1/30/24

Lethal Injection & Nitrogen HypoxiaControversies Resolved    

From:  Dudley Sharp, independent researcher, death penalty expert, former opponent, 832-439-2113, CV at bottom    

On 1/30/2024, I inserted 7 articles and some wording to update more medical/academic/journalism ethical and factual lapses in reporting, on the death penalty and execution methodology, all of which are intentional, unless you believe that the lack of fact checking and vetting can be accidental, for 20 years.

Do you? If yes, this may change your mind, showing how blatant and common anti-death penalty FEMS (frauds, errors and/or mis-directions), in those three fields.

Several issues are raised with regard to lethal injection, other execution methods and the death penalty, itself (see, at bottom, " Additional research, w/sources, w/fact checking/vetting & critical thinking, as required of everyone".)

Preface:

Too often, one can find FEMS by journalists, academics and those in the medical profession, who find that anti-death penalty activism is more important than the ethical codes within their profession. This is no longer in question, as it has been witnessed for, at least, one hundred years, as I have documented, at bottom.

Generally, the lethal injection issues are:
1) The murderer experiencing pain during execution;
2) The ethics of medical professionals participating in executions; and
3) Proper training of execution personnel.

======
Media and Prof. Lain Disaster: Nitrogen Hypoxia & Scientific American
ProDPinNC: Media Disaster: Nitrogen Hypoxia & Scientific American
======

1) PAIN AND LETHAL INJECTION

The evidence, including the immediate autopsy of executed serial murderer/rapist Michael Ross, supports that there is no pain within the lethal injection process.

There is a concern that some inmates may be conscious, but paralyzed, during execution, because one of the three drugs used may have worn off, prior to death.

First, there is rare evidence this may have occurred. There is a lot of speculation.

Secondly, if properly administered, it cannot occur with the properties and amounts of the chemicals used and within the time frame of an execution.

Thirdly, no one has explained how the first drug could have worn off, within the time frame of execution or, how is it that the first drug was, somehow, improperly administered, but the second and third were not, when using the same lines and procedures?

An Associated Press reporter correctly stated that “there is little to support those claims except a few anecdotes of inmates gasping and convulsing and an article in the British medical journal Lancet.” (AP, “Death penalty foes attack lethal-injection drug”, 7/5/05)

and
Rebuttal: Dr. Joel Zivot & Lethal Injection
ProDPinNC: Rebuttal: Dr. Joel Zivot & Lethal Injection
======

The Lancet Disaster

The British Medical Journal, The Lancet, published an article critical of lethal injection (Volume 365, 4/16/05). A follow up article, by essential the same group of researchers, published a similar report in PLoS Medicine on 4/24/07.

The articles did not/could not identify one case where evidence existed than an inmate was conscious during execution.

The Lancet article identified 21 cases of execution where the level of “post mortem” (after death) sodium thiopental was below that used in surgery and, therefore, may suggest consciousness was possible.

A more accurate description would be all but impossible.

A “long after execution” post mortem measurement of sodium thiopental is very different from a moment of death measurement.

Dr. Lydia Conlay, chair of the department of anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine (Texas Medical Center, Houston) said the extrapolation of postmortem sodium thiopental levels in the blood to those at the time of execution is by no means a proven method. “I just don’t think we can draw any conclusions from (the Lancet study) , one way or the other.”

Actually, we can. The science is well known. 

Sodium thiopental is absorbed rapidly into the body. Long after execution blood testing of those levels means absolutely nothing with regard to the levels at the time of execution. Nothing.

The Lancet article did not dispute the obvious — for executions, the sodium thiopental is administered in dosages roughly 10-20 times the amount necessary for sedation unconsciousness during surgical procedures.

Unconsciousness occurs within the first 30 seconds of the injection/execution process. The injection of the three drugs takes from 4-5 minutes. Death usually occurs within 6-7 minutes and is pronounced within 8-10 minutes.

The researchers also failed to note the much lower probability (impossibility?) that the murderer could be conscious, while all three drugs are coursing through the veins, concurrently.

Despite the Lancet article’s presumptions and omissions, there is no scientific evidence that consciousness with pain has occurred with the amounts and methods of injecting those three chemicals within the execution - period.

The AP article also stated that “They (death penalty opponents) also attack lethal injection by saying that the steps to complete it haven’t been reviewed by medical professionals.”

That is both deceptive and irrelevant.

The unchallenged reality is that medical professionals have both reviewed and implemented injection procedures for decades. The same procedures are used in executions. Criminal justice and/or medical professionals have been trained in this application.

Does anyone not know this?

=======

Rebuttal: Secrets of the Killing State: The Untold Story of Lethal Injection

=======

The chemicals used in lethal injection, as well as their individual and collective results, at the dosages used, are also well known by medical and pharmacology professionals. And this?


Dr. A. Jay Chapman, the former Oklahoma Medical Examiner, who created the protocol, consulted a toxicologist and two anesthesiologists. He states the obvious ” ‘ . . .it didn’t actually require much research because the three chemicals – a painkiller, a muscle-paralyzing agent and a heart-stopper – are well-known to physicians.’ ‘It is anesthetizing someone for a surgical procedure, but simply carried to an extreme.’ ‘If it is competently administered, there will be no question about this business of pain and suffering.’ “(“Lethal Injection Father Defends Creation”, Paul Ellias, Associated Press, 5/10/07)

======
American Nurses' Assoc.: Dead Wrong on Death Penalty
ProDPinNC: American Nurses' Assoc.: Dead Wrong on Death Penalty
======

Further, lethal injection is not a medical procedure, but the culmination of a judicial sentence carried out by criminal justice professionals, the result of which is intended as death, the outcome of all but a very few cases.

The follow up research/article is “Lethal Injection for Execution: Chemical Asphyxiation?” (Public Library of Science (PLoS) Medicine, 4/24/07). Dr. Koniaris was an author in both this and the Lancet article.

The question mark from the title says it all.

From the Conclusion:

” . . . our findings SUGGEST that current lethal injection protocols MAY not reliably effect death through the mechanisms intended, indicating a failure of design and implementation. IF thiopental and potassium chloride fail to cause anesthesia and cardiac arrest, POTENTIALLY aware inmates COULD die through pancuronium-induced asphyxiation.” (caps and color change are mine, for emphasis)

In other words, the authors tell us they cannot prove this has ever happened. They are speculating SUGGEST MAY IF POTENTIONALLY COULD.

Skip the speculation: Some Reality

From Hartford Courant, “Ross Autopsy Stirs Execution Debate—-Results Cited To Counter Talk Of Pre-Death Pain”, August 11, 2005

The below is a paraphrase of parts of that article, including some exact quotes.

Results of the autopsy done on serial killer Michael Ross are being cited by several prominent doctors to refute a highly publicized article that appeared in The Lancet, the British medical journal, in April, 2005.

Critics of the Lancet article say it does not account for postmortem redistribution of the anesthetic – thiopental. The redistribution, the critics say, accounts for the lower levels of thiopental on which Dr. Koniaris based his Lancet article conclusions that the levels of anesthetic were inadequate. The Ross autopsy results document this redistribution, bolstering the critics’ assertions.

Dr. H. Wayne Carver II, Connecticut’s chief medical examiner, was aware of the controversial Lancet article before performing the Ross autopsy. As a result, he took the additional step of drawing a sample of Ross’s blood 20 minutes after he was pronounced dead at 2:25 a.m. May 13. Carver took a subsequent sample during the autopsy, which began about 7 hours later, at 9:40 a.m.

The 1st sample showed a concentration of 29.6 milligrams per liter of thiopental; the second sample showed a concentration of 9.4 milligrams per liter. The 1st sample was drawn from Ross’ right femoral artery, and the second from his heart, which can account for some of the discrepancy. But Dr. Mark Heath, a New York anesthesiologist and one of the numerous doctors who have signed letters to The Lancet challenging the Koniaris article, said it clearly substantiates the postmortem redistribution of the thiopental.

Dr. Jonathan Groner, a pediatric surgeon from Ohio said he interviewed a number of forensic toxicologists before adopting the view that thiopental in a corpse leaves the blood and is absorbed by the fat, causing blood samples taken hours after death to be an unreliable marker of the levels of thiopental in the body at the time of death.

Groner described the Ross autopsy results as “a powerful refutation” of the Lancet-Koniaris study.

Dr. Ashraf Mozayani, a forensic toxicologist with the Harris County Medical Examiner’s Office in Texas, said the level of thiopental “drops quite a bit” after death. Even in the living, Mozayani said, thiopental levels decline rapidly after administration of the drug. She cited one study in which a patient was administered 400 milligrams of thiopental intravenously. After two minutes the concentration in the blood was measured at 28 milligrams, but dropped to 3 milligrams concentration 19 minutes after the anesthetic was injected.

Mozayani said the declining concentration of thiopental cited in the Ross autopsy report “make sense.”

On The Lancet article, she said, “I don’t think they have the whole story – the postmortem redistribution and all the other things they have to consider for postmortem testing.”

NOTE: I think they had and knew the whole story. How could they not?  Ethics?

The Veterinary sidetrack

Opponents of the death penalty, as well as other uninformed or deceptive sources, have been stating that even vets do not use the paralytic agent in the euthanasia of animals. This is a perversion of the veterinary position, which actually provides support, however unintended, for the human execution process.
Some fact checking is in order — www.avma.org/issues/animal_welfare/euthanasia.pdf

======
Veterinary Claims a Distortion of Reality: Human Lethal InjectionProDPinNC: Veterinary Claims a Distortion of Reality: Human Lethal Injection
======

NOTE: That said, it would be much easier to have only a one drug – anesthesia – execution and I am not sure why it isn’t being done, with the possible exceptions that I have read that may result in 1) much longer execution time; 2) a deep coma, not death, but without the obvious follow up that more anesthesia could be administered to induce death and 3) much more movement, twitching and jerking, by the inmate.

Somebody followed my suggestion.

NOTE: In an attempt to stop challenges based upon the unfounded pain allegations, Ohio has selected a new protocol, whereby “executioners would use a single large dose of thiopental sodium.” (1), thus avoiding the paralytic drug which, death penalty opponents say, without evidence, masks the suffering of inmates, allegedly caused by the third drug.

2. THE MEDICAL/ETHICAL DILEMMA

Medical groups cite that there is an ethical conflict for participation in the lethal injection process, because medical professionals have a requirement to “do no harm”.

Those ethical codes pertain to the medical profession, only, and to patients, only. Judicial execution is not part of the medical profession and death row inmates are not patients. 

Too obvious?

Doctors and nurses can be police and soldiers and can kill, when deemed appropriate, within those lines of duty and without violating the ethical codes of their medical profession. Similarly, medical professionals do not violate their codes of ethics, when acting as technical experts, for executions, in a criminal justice procedure.

======
Dr. J Zivot: More Medical Anti-Death Penalty Idiocy

Physicians are often part of double or triple blind studies where there is hope that the tested drugs may, someday, prove beneficial. The physicians and other researchers know that many patients, taking placebos or less effective drugs, will suffer more additional harm or death because they are not taking the subject drug or that the subject drug will actually harm or kill more patients than the placebo of other drugs used in the study.

Physicians knowingly harm individual patients, in direct contradiction to their “do no harm” oath.

For the greater good, those physicians sacrifice innocent, willing and brave patients. Of course, there have been medical experiments without consent and, even, today, they continue (“Critical Care Without Consent”, Washington Post, May 27, 2007; Page A01).

======
Nitrogen Induced Hypoxia as a Form of Capital Punishment, Michael P. Copeland, J.D. Thorn Parr, M.S. Christine Papas, J.D., Ph.D. East Central University , 6/08/2018,  
Nitrogen Hypoxia as Capital Punishment - East Central University Draft Report - DocumentCloud
or
https://dpic-cdn.org/production/legacy/Copeland%20Report_Nitrogen-Hypoxia.pdf 
======

The greater good is irrelevant, from an ethical standpoint, if “Do no harm” means “do no harm”. Physicians knowingly make exceptions to their “do no harm” requirement, every day, within their profession, where that code actually does apply. And, they should. There are obvious moral and ethical nuances and we should consider and pay attention to them, as is done within the medical profession.

The “do no harm” has no ethical effect in a non medical context, because this ethical requirement is for medical treatments, only, and for patients, only.

For those who distort the Hippocratic oath, I would suggest they read the original, classic versions, which only prohibits abortion and euthanasia, two practices commonly accepted by many physicians.

The acknowledged anti-death penalty editors of The Public Library of Science (PLoS) Medicine agree. They write:

“Execution by lethal injection, even if it uses tools of intensive care such as intravenous tubing and beeping heart monitors, has the same relationship to medicine that an executioner’s axe has to surgery.” (“Lethal Injection Is Not Humane”, PLoS, 4/24/07)

The PLoS Medicine editors have made the same point many of us have been making – similar acts and similar equipment do not establish any equivalence or connection.

There is no ethical connection between medicine and lethal injection. Therefore, there is no ethical prohibition for medical professionals to participate in executions.

To put it clearly: The execution of death row inmates is not equivalent or connected to the treatment of patients.

Is this a mystery?

======
The Death Penalty & Medical Ethics Revisited
======

Obviously, execution is not a medical treatment, but a criminal justice sanction. The basis for medical treatment is to improve the plight of the patient, for which the medical profession provides obvious and daily exceptions. The basis for execution is to carry out a criminal justice sentence where death is the sanction.

Justice, deterrence, retribution, just punishments, upholding the social contract, saving innocent life, etc., are all recognized as aspects of the death penalty, all dealing with the greater good.

Are murderers on death row willing participants? Of course. They willingly committed the crime and, therefore, willingly exposed themselves to the social contract of that jurisdiction.

Lethal injection is not a medical procedure. It is a criminal justice sanction authorized by law. Therefore, there is no ethical conflict with medical codes of conduct and medical personal participating in executions.

Any participation in executions by medical professionals should be a matter for their own personal conscience. In fact, 20-40% of doctors surveyed would participate in the execution process.

A side note:

40,000 to 100,000 innocents die, every year, in the US because of medical misadventure or improper medical treatment. (2)

Do no harm? The doctor doth protest too much, methinks.

There is no proof of an innocent executed in the US since 1915 (3).

======
Media Disaster: Journalism's Death: The Death Penalty & the Media
ProDPinNC: Media Disaster: Journalism's Death: The Death Penalty & the Media
======

3. PROPER TRAINING

In every state, there are hundreds or thousands of people trained for IV application of drugs or the taking of blood. Even many hard core drug addicts are proficient in IV application.

There are very few errors in lethal injections which can be attributed to personnel error (See Rebuttal: Botched Executions). The simple fact is that, if necessary, non medical personnel can be properly trained to mix and administer the chemicals used in lethal injection. But, it isn’t necessary.

It appears that some 500-1000 innocent patients die, every year, in the US, due to some type of medical misadventure, with anesthesia. (2)

We execute, on average, 30 guilty murderers per year.

I am unaware of evidence that shows criminal justice professionals are more likely to commit critical errors in the lethal injection process than are medical professionals in IV application.

Furthermore, even with the proven errors by lethal injection personnel, those are under 1% of all cases (See Rebuttal: Botched Executions).

In the errors of medical professionals, we are speaking of a large number of deaths and injuries to innocent patients – the opposite of the intended outcome.

1) “Lethal Injection Creator Fine With 1 Drug in Ohio”, THE ASSOCIATED PRESS, New York Times, November 22, 2009 Filed at 4:25 p.m. ET

2) see “Deaths from Medical Misadventure” at
www.wrongdiagnosis.com/m/medical_misadventure/deaths.htm
and
“Health Grades Quality Study: Patient Safety in American Hospitals, July 2004”
www.healthgrades.com/media/english/pdf/HG_Patient_Safety_Study_Final.pdf

3) The Death Row "Exonerated"/"Innocent" Frauds 
 71-83% Error Rate in Death Row "Innocent" Claims, 
Well Known Since 1998
https://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2021/04/the-exoneratedinnocent-frauds.html 

======
600+ pro death penalty quotes from murder victims' families &
3300+ from some of the greatest thinkers in history
====== 
======
 
Research, with sources, fact checking, vetting & critical thinking, as required of anyone within a public policy debate and which rebut all anti-death penalty claims.
 
Most will realize that the media has been using only anti-death penalty claims and , then, failed to fact check, vet, not use critical thinking, with that research, while avoiding all pro-death penalty research and experts, for decades. How do I know most will realize this? Because they wouldn't have seen any of this, prior:
 
The Death Penalty: Justice & Saving More Innocents
and
Students, Academics & Journalists: Death Penalty Research
(7 pro-death penalty experts listed)

Media Disaster: Journalism's Death: The Death Penalty & the Media

Media Disaster:
Journalism's Death: The Death Penalty & the Media

To: Journalism Organizations and Schools, Media and Governments, throughout the world
 
From:  Dudley Sharp, independent researcher, death penalty expert, former opponent, 832-439-2113, CV at bottom   
 
Preface
 
For about 25 years, many, if not most, of media has gone all out anti-death penalty, with 1-4 of these four characteristics:
 
1) Presenting anti-death penalty claims, but refusing to fact check and vet them (1);
2) Refusing to research and present pro-death penalty claims (1);
3) Lying to the public regarding 1 & 2, above (1); and/or
4) A combination of all three.

NOTE: Can journalists not fact check, not vet and not use critical thinking, accidently? Of course not. It has to be intentional, which I define as a lie to the public and a betrayal of journalism.
 
As detailed:
 
1)  The Death Penalty: A Repudiation of Journalism, by Journalists?
The Society of Professional Journalists & The Sigma Delta Chi Award:
together with
Media Disaster - Rebuttal: Trial By Fire: Did Texas Execute an Innocent Man?
Cameron Todd Willingham: Media Colludes w/ the Anti-death Penalty Movement
 
Summary: How is it that David Grann won two of the highest awards for excellence in journalism, the Polk & Sigma Delta Chi Awards?
 
No more are there any absolute standards in journalism - no need to research, fact check nor vet. How and why? 

My conclusion is that the "How?" is on purpose, as it has to be, with the "Why?" being that anti-death penalty promotion is more important than journalism, as fully proven, herein. Are there other reasons?
 
2) USA Today: Another Major Media Anti-Death Penalty Manifesto
HOW MEDIA MURDERS THE TRUTH
 
Summary: After months of research, by three investigative journalist and editors, this disaster was presented, representing those four characteristics, to perfection, meaning horrendous.
 
3)  Pulitzer Prize Winner Refuses to Fact Check, Vet and/or Lies: Which is it?
 
Summary: These are a series of replies to Pulitzer Prize winner, Jeff Gerritt, representing the four characteristics:
 
Media Disaster: Death Penalty & Journalists Murdering Journalism
 
To: Journalists and Journalism Schools, worldwide, and countless others
Subject: Why Fact Checking & Vetting Matter: A Cautionary Tale for Journalists
RE: “Ohio should kill capital punishment,”, Jeff Gerritt, Deputy Editor Toledo Blade, November 17, 2013
 
Media Disaster: The Death Penalty: How Bad Can The Media Be?
 
Media Disaster: Editor Jeff Gerritt Continues His Run of No Fact Checking

 
4)  Journalism? Ethics? Media Disaster: WFIU/NPR's 
"The Rush to Kill" Episode 4 of 9: Poison
 
Summary: Is this the personification of intentional no fact checking, no vetting, no critical thinking and/or lying to your audience? Are there other choices?
 
There were up to 20 contributors and researchers from both WFIU and NPR, with regard to this 9 episode program, which took up to two years to put together.
 
In closing
 
Please see many additional Media Disaster articles, here (2), each one representing 1-4 of those characteristics.
 
The major journalism and citizen questions is, how many other topics are handled in a similar fashion?
 
FN
 
1)  Research, w/sources, w/fact checking/vetting & critical thinking, as required of anyone within a public policy debate and which rebut all anti-death penalty claims.
 
Most will realize that the media has been using only anti-death penalty claims and , then, failed to fact check, vet, not use critical thinking, with that research, while avoiding all pro-death penalty research and experts. How do I know most will realize this? Because they wouldn't have seen any of this, prior:
 
The Death Penalty: Justice & Saving More Innocents
and
Students, Academics & Journalists: Death Penalty Research
(7 pro-death penalty experts listed)
 
======
600+ pro death penalty quotes from murder victim's families &
3300+ from some of the greatest thinkers in history
====== 
======